Workholding processes
Your work is any item of wood, metal, or plastic that you are working on. A component is any portion of whatever you’re constructing that has to be connected to another part or component.
When working on a piece of wood, metal, or plastic, you must stop it from moving. You can use a vice or stop to hold it up against something solid and grasp it with friction.
Use a jig if you need to produce a lot of identical items. This work holding device is designed particularly for a single component. Using jigs eliminates the need to mark out each piece of work individually before cutting or drilling. The jig secures your piece of wood (or metal, or plastic) in the correct location for drilling or sawing. A fixture is another term for a jig.
Marking out and templates
A try-square and a sharp pencil or marking knife are used to mark out wood. You should always mark out from a squared-up edge. Mark out parallel lines with a marking gauge.
Use an engineer’s square, scriber, odd leg callipers, spring dividers, or a drawing compass to mark out metal for cutting.
Use a semi-permanent marker or wax crayon to mark off the acrylic.
With a punch, mark holes for drilling. Use a template if you have a lot of identical items to mark out so you just have to measure once.
Wasting (by hand)
Wasting is the process of obtaining the desired form by eliminating undesirable elements. You have the option of using hand tools or equipment.
The following are the most often used hand instruments for wasting:
- Saws
- Planes
- Chisels
- Drills
- Tin snips.
Wasting (by machine)
There are three types of machines used to shape materials by wasting:
- Lathes
- Milling machines
- Drills.
Additional methods of wasting metals
Eroding: Spark erosion allows for very precise waste. This is also appropriate for squandering very hard metals.
Ultrasonic machining: Very precise and appropriate for extremely hard materials like glass, ceramics, and valuable stones.
Forming, deforming and reforming processes
Forming is the process of shaping a substance. Deforming implies causing a change in shape without causing material loss. As in casting, reforming includes a change in the condition of the material (typically from liquid to solid). Many of the procedures listed below are utilized in manufacturing.
- Moulding
- Calendering
- Blow moulding
- Drop forging
- Injection moulding
- Presswork
- Rotational moulding
- Extrusion
- Cold forming of metal
- Hot forming of metal
- Casting
- Die casting
- Laminating
- Sheet metalwork
Computer controlled manufacturing
Computer-aided engineering is a broad term encompassing the use of computers in design and manufacture. CAD technologies reduce time while also allowing for high accuracy. They also enable the designer to model a product (to see how it will appear) or perform a computer simulation of a procedure. This can help to avoid costly blunders. CAD/CAM technologies enable the direct transfer of a product’s design to the machines required to manufacture the product.
Robots can also be controlled by computers. Robots are used to handle materials, transport them to other equipment, and conduct risky or repetitive activities such as welding a huge number of components.
The term flexible manufacturing system (FMS) refers to computer-controlled complicated production processes that allow the same machinery to be utilized for different activities at different times. This is especially beneficial when only a little quantity of the product is required before the machinery is transferred to produce another product.
The term computer integrated systems (CIS) refers to a whole computer-controlled Automated manufacturing system.
Helping Hands.
